Educational purpose
rrefcalculator.io is an educational tool for learning and checking row reduction. Its calculators and guides are provided for general information and study. They do not replace your textbook, your instructor's explanations or the requirements of your course.
Accuracy of results
The calculator uses exact rational arithmetic and is tested before every release, but no software is guaranteed to be free of errors. A result is also only as correct as the values entered: a mistyped sign, a missing zero or a misplaced constant will produce a correct reduction of the wrong matrix. Always check that the entered matrix matches your problem, and verify important results independently.
When you choose decimal display, values are rounded to 8 significant digits for reading only. The underlying result, the listed row operations and the copied matrix remain exact.
What the calculator does not do
The calculator accepts real rational numbers only: integers, finite decimals and fractions, with up to 12 digits per number, in matrices of up to 6 rows and 7 columns. It does not handle symbolic coefficients, complex numbers, arithmetic over finite fields such as GF(2), matrix inverses or vector-form solutions. Results outside that scope should be found with other methods.
In REF mode, pivots are scaled to 1 as a convention of this calculator. Row echelon form does not require that under the usual definition, so your textbook's REF may look different and still be correct. RREF, by contrast, is unique.
Coursework, homework and exams
Whether you may use an online calculator for an assignment or exam is decided by your school, instructor or exam board. Check their rules before using this site for graded work. Showing working copied from a calculator may not meet your course's requirements.
Graphing-calculator instructions
The TI-84 guide is based on Texas Instruments' published support instructions for the TI-83 Plus and TI-84 Plus families. Menus can differ on other models or operating-system versions, and we have not tested every device. Consult your calculator's official guidebook if the steps do not match. rrefcalculator.io is independent and is not affiliated with, sponsored by or endorsed by Texas Instruments.
No affiliate, advertising or sponsored content
rrefcalculator.io carries no advertising, affiliate links or sponsored content, and we receive no payment for mentioning any product, calculator or service. Links to external websites are included only as sources or for further reading. If this ever changes, the relevant content will be clearly labeled.
No professional advice
The site does not provide financial, legal, medical, engineering or other professional advice. If you use matrix calculations in professional or safety-related work, rely on appropriately validated tools and qualified review.
External links
We link to external sources so that you can check our references. We are not responsible for the content or availability of external websites.
Questions
If a result or explanation looks wrong, please contact us and include the matrix you entered. The terms and conditions describe the full conditions of use.